This operates in a highly crowded environment that is hard to treat theoretically, thereby limiting current understanding of such key functions as transport, growth and division.

These experience active stresses and processes that generate motility, driving them out of equilibrium with their environment.

Tissues, colonies and biofilms that form through a complex interplay of dynamical processes at the single-cell level.

Collectives of organisms, such as bees and fish, that process environmental information to facilitate predator avoidance, temperature regulation or other functions.